What is the immediate action to take when a patient is found pulseless and apneic?

In cases where a patient is found pulseless and apneic, the most critical immediate action is to begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Starting with chest compressions is paramount because this action helps to restore blood circulation and maintain oxygen delivery to vital organs. Time is of the essence in such emergencies; effective chest compressions can significantly increase the chances of survival by maintaining some blood flow until advanced medical help can arrive or until defibrillation can be attempted.

Initiating CPR serves several purposes: it helps to create artificial circulation, which is crucial in preventing irreversible brain damage, and it prepares the patient for potential defibrillation if the underlying arrhythmia is identified and treated. The effectiveness of CPR diminishes significantly with every passing minute, so it is imperative to act swiftly.

Other options such as providing rescue breaths or inquiring about a living will do not address the immediate need for circulation and can delay necessary life-saving measures, making timely CPR the first priority in this scenario.